Right-size your build before you buy lumber. Undersized coops cause pecking, feather loss, parasites, and lower egg production. Bigger is almost always better.
Recommended build
Coop interior
sqft
Run area
sqft
Nest boxes
Roost bar length
linear ft
Ventilation (high)
sqft of opening
Pop door
Hardware cloth
Quick build checklist
Predator-proofing: 1/2" hardware cloth (not chicken wire) on all openings. Apron 18-24" out + 12" down at base. Full guide.
Ventilation: always at the top, above bird height. Drafts at roost level cause frostbite. Ventilation prevents ammonia and humidity buildup.
Nest boxes: 12x12x12 for standards. Slightly off the floor. 1 per 3-4 hens.
Roosts: 2x4 with wide side up (lets feet cover toes in winter). 18+ inches off the floor, above nest boxes.
Bedding: deep litter method with pine shavings. Add weekly, full clean 2x/year.